What is grapheme-phoneme correspondence?

Grapheme-phoneme correspondence refers to the connection between the sounds of spoken language (phonemes) and the letters or groups of letters that represent those sounds in written language (graphemes). Understanding this relationship is foundational for learning to read and write, as it equips learners with the ability to decode words by recognizing the letters and their corresponding sounds. Effective grapheme-phoneme correspondence skills enable students to sound out unfamiliar words and comprehend written texts more effectively.

The other options delve into different aspects of language and literacy. The study of how words are formed, while related to morphology, does not focus specifically on the sound-letter relationship. A method for improving reading fluency pertains to the speed and accuracy of reading rather than the foundational connection between letters and sounds. The analysis of sentence structures is a component of syntax and grammar, which does not address the basic phonetic decoding needed for reading. Thus, the concept of grapheme-phoneme correspondence is best captured by the relationship between sounds and the letters representing them.