Which factor is not mentioned as affecting language and literacy development?

The choice indicating physical growth milestones as a factor not mentioned in affecting language and literacy development is accurate. Language and literacy development is primarily influenced by social and cognitive factors, and while physical growth can impact a child's overall well-being and ability to learn, it is not directly linked to language and literacy in the way that the other options are.

Family history of reading difficulties can play a significant role because it may predispose children to similar challenges, affecting their literacy skills. Socioeconomic status is a crucial factor as it often dictates the resources available to children, including access to books and educational experiences that foster language acquisition. Additionally, opportunities for verbal interaction are vital, as engaging in conversations helps children practice language skills and build vocabulary.

In contrast, physical growth milestones, while important for general development, do not directly correlate with a child's ability to read or interact with language. This distinction helps clarify the factors that are critical for language and literacy development.