Which of the following is NOT a component of orthographic processing?

Orthographic processing refers to the ability to recognize the written components of language, including patterns and structures that contribute to reading and writing. This includes understanding how letters combine to form words and how specific conventions govern written language.

Spelling, punctuation, and capitalization are all directly related to orthographic processing. Spelling involves the ability to correctly form words, reflecting a deep understanding of how letters and sounds interact in specific ways. Punctuation involves the use of marks to clarify meaning in writing, which relies on knowledge of written language conventions. Capitalization pertains to the rules governing the use of uppercase letters, which is also a fundamental aspect of written language conventions.

On the other hand, phonemic awareness pertains to the ability to hear and manipulate sounds in spoken words, which is more closely related to phonological processing rather than orthographic processing. While phonemic awareness is crucial for developing reading and writing skills, it does not fall under the scope of orthographic knowledge. This distinction clarifies why this choice is not considered a component of orthographic processing.